A nanofizika alapjai
Fundamentals of Nanophysics
The building blocks of nowadays electronic devices have already reached a few tens on nanometers sizes, and further miniaturization requires the introduction of novel technologies. At such small length-scales the coherent behavior and the interaction of electrons, together with the atomic granularity of matter induce several striking phenomena, that are not observed at the macroscopic scale. The course gives an introduction to a broad set of nanoscale phenomena following the topics bellow:
- Introduction, characteristic length-scales. Development of semiconductor industry, heterostructures, two dimensional electron gas systems, nanoscale fabrication techniques.
- Nanowires. Diffusive and ballistic nanowires, quantum wires, Landauer description of mesoscopic transport, conductance quantization.
Interference phenomena in nanocircuits, decoherence.
Integer and fractional quantized Hall effect.
Noise as the signal: shot noise in quantum point contacts, charge measurement, classical and quantum chaos, Hanbury Brown & Twiss experiments with electrons and photons.
Quantum dots and applications, artificial atoms, spin qubits.
Carbon nanostructures, graphene, carbon nanotubes, fullerenes.
Superconducting nanostructures, Andreev reflection, mesoscopic proximity effects.
Spintronics, spin valve, spin torque, spin decoherence, spin injection, nonlocal measurements.
Literature: – S. Datta: Electronic Transport in Mesoscopic Systems, Cambridge University Press, 1997. – T. Ihn: Semiconducting nanosctructures, Oxford University Press, 2010. – Y.V. Nazarov, Y.M. Blanter: Quantum Transport: Introduction to Nanoscience, Cambridge University Press, 2009.
